College Student Safety Education - Fire Safety

1.How to prevent fires on campus

     (1) Do not throw cigarettes and fires indiscriminately;

    (2) Do not use open flames in violation of the rules, do not light candles, do not burn debris, do not burn fireworks and firecrackers;

      (3) Do not store flammable and explosive materials;

      (4) Do not mess with the wires;

      (5) Do not use electrical appliances in violation of regulations;

      (6) Do not use used or poor quality electrical equipment；

   (7) Fire-fighting facilities such as fire hydrants are not damaged or occupied;

     (8) Do not invade the fire exit and keep it open;

     (9) Do not place combustible items near the fire source;

    (10) When entering the public place, remember to observe the fire sign and the direction of evacuation.

2.What are the basic methods of fire fighting?

     Combustion must have three conditions at the same time - combustible materials, combustion-supporting substances and fire sources. As long as one burning condition can be removed, the fire can be extinguished. From the practice of fire fighting, we have summarized several effective methods of extinguishing fire:

(1)Suffocation method: Prevent air from flowing into the burning area or dilute the air with non-combustible substances, so that the burning material does not get enough oxygen to extinguish.

(2)Cooling method: The fire extinguishing agent is directly sprayed onto the combustion product to lower the temperature of the combustion product. When the temperature of the combustion product drops to the ignition point of the object, the combustion stops.

(3)Suppression method: use fluorine, bromine chemical fire extinguishing agent to spray to the flame, let the fire extinguishing agent participate in the combustion reaction, so that the combustion reaction is interrupted, so as to achieve the purpose of fire extinguishing.

3.How do I call the "119" fire alarm?

   (1) Calling in calm. After hearing the external dial tone, dial the number "119".

   (2) When you hear the other party's "fire brigade", you can tell the location and unit of the fire, and try to explain the object, type and scope of the fire.

   (3) Pay attention to the other party's question and tell the other party's phone number to contact.

    (4) After the phone hangs up, send someone to wait at the necessary intersection to guide the fire engine to the fire.

4.How to participate in fire fighting?

    In the process of participating in the fire fighting, students must both extinguish the fire and protect their own safety. Therefore, it should be noted that:

      (1) "All actions listen to the command." In the event of a fire, the students should consciously follow the unified command of the command organization and carry out the fire in an orderly manner.

     (2) Be alert, observe the order of the fire, and prevent people from various illegal activities.

   (3) In the process of fire fighting, due to the high tension of thought, special attention should be paid to safety and caution, so as to avoid unnecessary casualties.

5.What should I do if I am on fire?

    (1) Do not run, should be rolled on the spot.

  (2) If conditions permit, you can quickly tear off the burning clothes, immerse in water or smash, step on or extinguish with water.

    (3) If there are rivers, ponds, pools, etc. nearby, you can jump into shallow water quickly. However, if the burn area of the human body is too large or the burn is deep, you cannot dive to prevent bacterial infection or prevent other accidents.

   (4) If there are more than two people present, those who are not on fire need to be calm and calm, immediately cover them with fire, firecrackers, etc., or help him to tear off the clothes, or wrap the wet blanket with the fire. stand up.

6.How to save yourself after a fire?

  (1) Calm down and keep a clear head, use fire-fighting equipment or water on the spot, and find ways to extinguish the fire. If you can extinguish it, try to save it and avoid a fire.

(2) When the fire is getting bigger and bigger, it cannot be extinguished immediately. In the dangerous situation where people are besieged, they should try to escape from danger as soon as possible. If the doors, windows, passages, and stairs have been sealed by fireworks, it is really impossible to flush outwards. Put some cold water on your head or body, or wrap your head with a wet towel or wet sheet. Use wet quilts and wet blankets. Wrap your body and rush out of the danger zone. If the smoke is too big, you can't breathe. You can use your mask or towel to cover your nose and mouth. Try to walk or crawl close to the ground and pass through the danger zone. When the stairs have been blown, the passage has been blocked and should be kept calm and managed to move from another safe place. According to the specific circumstances at the time, the following methods can be adopted to break away from the danger zone.

(3) You can walk out of the danger zone from other stairs or outdoor fire ladders. Some high-rise buildings have fire ladders. People should be familiar with the passage leading to the fire ladder. After the fire, they can quickly go down the safety gate of the fire ladder.

    (4) If you live on a lower floor, you can use a strong rope (if you can't find the rope, you can tear the bedding, sheets or strong curtains into a strip and screw it into a rope), and squat in a firm window frame or On the bed frame, then slowly climb down the rope.

   (5) If you are trapped on the second floor by fire, you can first throw some quilts on the outside of the building and then jump down the window or balcony. This can shorten the distance and better ensure personal safety. If you are trapped on the third floor or above, don't rush to jump down. Because of the large distance, it is easy to cause casualties.

(6) You can run to other safe rooms, windows or balconies, and wait patiently for firefighters to help.

    (7) When the retreat cuts off and can't get out, it will retreat into the room to close the doors and windows, and splash water on the doors and windows to cool down. At the same time, it is also possible to throw pillows and other items downstairs, which has attracted the attention of rescue workers.

7. How to deal with electric shock accidents?

    Current damage to the human body is mainly caused by electric burns and muscle spasms, which can affect the respiratory center and heart, causing respiratory depression or sudden arrest. Severe electric shock can be disabling or even life-threatening.

(1) Get the electric shock off the power quickly, immediately pull down the power switch or unplug the plug. If the power supply cannot be found or disconnected in time, the wires can be picked up with dry bamboo poles, not good insulation, etc.

   (2) Move the electric shock absorber away from the power supply to the ventilated and dry place to supine, relax the top and the belt, observe whether the electric shocker breathes, and touch the carotid artery for pulsation. At the same time, quickly dial the "120" emergency number.

   (3) First aid. If the electric shock and heart stop, the cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be performed while artificial respiration is being performed.

   (4) Send the wounded to the hospital as soon as possible, and continue to rescue on the way.